Egypt a Mezopotámie
EGYPT
Stará říše: 2700 - 2000př.kr
Střední říše: 2000 - 1800 př kr.
Nová říše: 1600 - 1100 př kr.
Stará říše:
období prosperity, míru
Lokace: delta Nilu, ohraničeněné, omezené a izolované území, umožnilo kontinuální vývoj (narozdíl od Mezopotámie - městské státy v otevřeném terénu)
Architektura: Materiál kámen (M - hliněné cihly) Stavěly se hlavně sakrální stavby - chrámy: pošné, rovinné území ohraničené hradbami, nebo vysekané do skály - velikánské areály kde byly i příbytky kněží.
hrobky: pyramidy, zevnitř zdobené freskami, spočívalo tam bohatě zdobené tělo faraona ("helma" - klaft!) a dary (nápoje, jídlo - vše pro posmrtný život), fresky zobrazují jeho život a oblíbené činnosti
- 1. pyramida: Džoserova - kol. r. 2600 v Sakkaře, stupňovitá (podobná Inkům), nejstarší stavba na světě
- pyramidy v Gíze - Chufuova (Cheops)největší na svět, má již hladké stěny
- Menkaureova (Mykerinova)
Sfingy: stály v blízkosti pyramid, hlava faraona, tělo lva, socha nebo stavba? (chodby, pokoje..) účel?Mastaby: nízké hrobky pro vysoce postavené osoby, bohatě malířsky a sochařsky vyzdobené.
Basferiéf: socha zadní stěnou ústící v zeď, vylíčená jako obraz.
Hypostyl: neboli architrávový zp.stavby, síň s přehrazenými sloupy, hlavice sloupů ve tvaru lotosového květu nebo rákosu/bambusu. např. v Karnaku
Sochařství: strnulé zpodobnění bez života a pohybu, schematické, nikoliv portrét, ale to co nám toho člověka připomíná.
Materiál: kámen, pískovec, vše polychromované
- Sedící písař (Louvre)
- Kněz Rahotep a jeho žena Nofreta
- Vešepta - drobné figurky, téma třeba práce na poli
Malba: na stěnách hrobek a chrámů, měly náboženskou fci, proto byly popisné a nerealistické, schematické. Frontální zobrazení: Hlava z profilu, oko en face, ramena...atd.
používali hieratickou perspektivu: nejvýznamnější osoba - největší
enkaustika: barva + vosk
užité umění: dokonalé, luxusní a precizní předměty, nábytek v dnešní podobě, ale zdobenější (intarzovaný), vyráběli sklo, zrcadla,
Nová říše:
srdcem království Théby, Amenhotem IV provedl převrat, odklonil se od boha Amona k Atonovi.
Architektura:
- Karnacký chrámový komplex: 2 ha, velice rozlehlý, tvořen hypostylem.Faraoni Nové ř. se nechávali pohřbívat do Údolí králů (u Nilu), hroby ale vykradeny, kromě Tutanchamónova.
- socha Achnatona, Nefertiti a jejich dětí --> hlava Nefertiti: nejkrásnější ženská hlava v sochařství (aut. Thutmose)
Inspirace Egyptem: Ivan Kafka (land art), Picasso (Sylvetta), Jan Konůpek
MEZOPOTÁMIE
je území v otevřeném terénu,meziříčí Eufratu a Tigris, proudí zde spolusta národů, složené z městdkých států - Ur, Uruk, Lagaš, Eridu
1. Sumérská éra: 3500 - 2350 př.Kr.
Sumerové (i Akkadové) jsou indoevropané
vznikají:
zikkuraty: 7mi stupňové stavby, v nejvyšším stupni svatyně zasvěcená bohu Mardukovi, kam smí jen kněží.
stély: ohlazený kámen s nápisem, materiál cihly z pálené hlíny, ve výjm. příp. glazované. např. Chamurappiho zákoník
pečetidla: fungovala jako podpis, ve formě klínového písma vyrývaného do hliněných destiček, dnes jich je hodně v London museum
další předměty: reliéfy, šperky, zbraně, keramika
- Standarta z Uru: skříňka (vlajka NEE) tvořená mozaikami ze slonoviny, výjevy z bitev na lazuritovém podkladě, postavy se suknicemi z kůže, inkrustace: vkládání jiných materiálů
- hliněný reliéf lagašského krále
- hudební nástroje zdobené býčími hlavami, realisticky pojaté
- socha býčka stojícího na pozlacených větvích (asi kvůli bohaté úrodě?)
2. Sumérsko - Akkadské obd.
- Naramsinova stéla (Louvre): ukázka z boje
- socha Ensiho Gudea: vládce Lagaše (správce) cca 2200 př Kr., z bronzu, disproporční, malinký, zvláštně sepnuté ruce, typická pokrývka hlavy, suknice popsána klínovým písmem (písmo Chetitů rozluštil Bedřich Hrozný)
3. Semitské obd.
Starobabylonská říše: přichází chetité, přebírají písmo a hl. městem se stává Babylon
- Chamurappiho stéla: na černém dioritu, panovník na hlavě rohy - znak moci, nejstarší zákoník na světě (Louvre)
- Bohyně čichající ke květině - basreliéf z Mary
- Skupina tří kozorožců: zlaté masky, rohy spojené
- Harfenistka (obliba hudebních nástrojů)
Novoasyrské obd.: hl. králové Ašurbanipal a , hl. město Ninive
- Palác v Chorsabadu: 7 st.př Kr., u jeho vchodu postavy z apokalypsy - tetramorfní postavy (orel, býk, lev, lidská hlava s rohy) - tzv. kompozitní postava
- Lovecký výjev
- Raněná lvice: reliéf, velmi realistický projev! (Londýn)
- Odpočiněk v révovém loubí
Novobabylonská říše: 612 - 539 př.Kr. probíhá současně s novoegyptskou říší a antikou!
vyvrcholení kultury a umu, hl. městem je Babylon, velmi vyspělé město s hradbami; v této době zajetí židů za krále Nebukadnezara II a epos o Gilgamešovi (???)
- Babylonská věž: zikkurat, inspirovala umělce (Breugel)
- Mezopotámská brána: archetyp všech bran
- Ištartina brána: z glazovaných cihel, zdobená zvěrnými motivy
- Visuté zahrady Semiramidiny: z kamene, 1 terasa 12 metrů
Pojmy:
tella: kopec ze zeminy, která zbyla ze zikkuratů
nekropolis: hřbitov
inkrustace: aplikace jiných materiálů, např do oka sochy
teracotta: pálená hlína
kánon: schema, určitý způsob
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MY STORY
(Stephentog, 12. 6. 2021 21:46)
This is a story based off of one of my friends and I. He is my best friend in the entire world. I wouldnt trade what we have for anything.
Adam is my best friend. He is about 63 and is kind of tan considering its always cold here. Hes skinny but has a lot of muscle. He is the star player on our schools basketball and baseball teams. He is so super nice to everyone and is very smart. Hes in a lot of my classes. Hes kind of shy and quiet too.
https://www.tumblr.com/blog/view/somatognosis3987657
Gray Rock
(LeroyDitte, 12. 6. 2021 14:31)
I just dont understand what happened? Jax spoke to Tyler as they rode in the front of the bus on their way back to gray rock. They continued the discussion as the boys complained about not getting to see the girls and such. The whole bus ride back was noisy. As the bus pulled into the parking lot and the cadets made their way back to the dorms Jax and Tyler made their way to the armory to check in their weapons. Jax spoke as they walked I know you dont agree with all the behind the scenes stuff he motioned with his fingers as if quoting. But I also have seen how you look and act around that cadet…whats his name…max.
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Caravan of love
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God I need a cigarette! I gasped as I collapsed, exhausted, at the top of the small mountain my team had just hiked up in the Lake District.
Youre supposed to be setting us a good example. Khalid laughed as he flopped down next to me quickly followed by his two schoolmates.
Fu…To Hell with that! I laughed, I deserve one after a walk like that.
Still laughing at me puffing and panting the boys whispered something, then Khalid turned to me and asked nervously; Do you really want a smoke?
https://www.tumblr.com/blog/view/siserary933043
Turning His Angel Into A Slut
(StephenSyday, 12. 6. 2021 3:31)
I tried so hard to remember what had gotten me here.Could it have happened that first night in the movie theatre?Could it have been when he was fucking me?Could it have been in the theatre today?These are all questions that went through my head.
The first night we went to the movies turned out to be a most memorable one.My Daddy wanted a blow job.He didnt care who was around, or if they saw, he only wanted to release and release he did.He unzipped his pants and pulled them down away from his cock then took his hand and wrapped it around the back of my neck.
https://www.tumblr.com/blog/view/quidity5190842
Bright and Early
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Anya lay on her bed, staring at the ceiling of her moderately-sized dorm room. Her digital alarm clocks LCD display burned a crisp 4:05 AM in the darkness. In two hours and a half she would have to go to class. Her music player was still operating, singing out Pink Floyds later, more ambient sounds. In her head, she went over all the homework she had and every project due withing the next three weeks. Everything was according to schedule. She continued to stare, thinking about how she would make the most of the first weekend her roommate, Tara, was gone.
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First gay experience
(Jesusfliem, 11. 6. 2021 17:37)
My dad and I had always been close in what some people would call an odd way. My mom passed away when I was 3 so dad basically raised me by himself. Growing up we did everything together. Cuddled (sometimes he would be naked) and watched sports, went to games, he would give me baths, and some other stuff. But as I got older I noticed how dad would start to look at me more and more and for longer amounts of time.
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Seductive Spin Class
(Williamflutt, 11. 6. 2021 4:08)
My 4 p.m. Timberlake spin class is about to start and all I can think about is the path my life has taken. I, Benjamin, a once bad-boy with a fetish for bees used to brothel hop and go to matinees alone to use only the most buttery of popcorn to relieve myself in times when my flesh light was stolen. It wasnt until I hit rock bottom half way through what I thought was flight of the bumblebees, when I realized I was masturbating to Akeelah and the Bee and tearing up along with Laurence Fishburne as Akeelah correctly spells logorrhea, when I decided to turn my life around. Trading matinees for daily spin classes, I have devoted my life to healthy eating, exercise and the LA lifestyle. Although my life is now back on track I cant help but have cravings for large breasts, dripping pussies, and holding my cock watching it blow with the force of one thousand fire hydrants – now thats some good shit.
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Every day was different when working at the police station, but Carol was still taken aback by what she discovered when she walked into work. She was surprised when she walked into the main area to be greeted by the chief inspector Stan, who was standing next to a woman of early 30s, wearing a red latex outfit that showed an ample amount of her cleavage, which Carol could only guess was DD.
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(Gregorywilla, 10. 6. 2021 16:15)
The air conditioner on my old Honda Prelude had died along with the radio, and now I was soaking in the last breaths of the cold air. Just before the temperature in that hot box became unbearable, a pale girl on a bicycle appeared, my salvation.
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Different Dads, Different Daughters
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The next morning Ryan woke to the definite sensation of something warm, wet, and wrapped around his hard and throbbingcock. Peeking under the covers his curiosity was rewarded with the deliriously sexy sight of Patty sucking him while she was in a state of pleasure and happiness. Mind you, if hed taken the time to look, he could have figured it out by the up and down motion of the covers, or by the air movement that her bobbing created. But just that lustful sight was worth the effort of his exploration.
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Friendly Foursome
(AndrewHip, 10. 6. 2021 4:24)
Marcia and Ted were into their favorite bar on a Friday night, drinking and dancing to a local rock band.Two of their friends, Larry and Joan, walked in and joined them.The two couples drank well into the night and when the bar closed down, Marcia and Ted suggested that they continue the party at their house.
Ted turned on more rock music at the house and asked if Larry and Joan would like to smoke some weed to keep the party going.The four of them sat around and got high and eventually, the topic of conversation turned to sex.
https://www.tumblr.com/blog/view/richterscales9135307
My Sexual Awakening
(Larrytit, 9. 6. 2021 23:28)
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https://www.tumblr.com/blog/view/nemeanlion5123902
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(Arthursauff, 9. 6. 2021 17:17)
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https://www.tumblr.com/blog/view/blya21703259
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